A smart toilet that accurately measures the amount of urine from sick patients is highly desired at the Erasmus MC. The current method is time-consuming and inaccurate. The challenge is to devise an addition to the existing toilet that can be tested and sends the data wirelessly to a database.

Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) are raw materials that are important for countries but are subject to scarcity and geopolitical dependence. Examples are Rare Earth Elements, Lithium, Cobalt, Nickel, Platinum. These materials are essential in medical devices which are incinerated after use. This case is about designing a circular economy method for identifying and harvesting CRMs from medical waste streams.

The project aims to perform a technical and feasibility study into recycling exhaled oxygen that is ventilated during hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Recycling may reduce the carbon footprint as well as costs for applying the therapy.